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Pathology Practice MCQs

Browse 15,526 high-yield clinical questions in Pathology. Includes detailed explanations, options, and topic tags.

#10118 Kidney

A 7-year-old boy has become less active over the past 10 days. On physical examination, the boy has facial puffiness. Urinalysis shows no blood, glucose, or ketones, and microscopic examination shows no casts or crystals. The serum creatinine level is normal. A 24-hour urine collection yields 3.8 g of protein. He improves after corticosteroid therapy. He has two more episodes of proteinuria over the next 4 years, both of which respond to corticosteroid therapy. What is the most likely mechanism causing his disease?

#10129 Respiration

A 46-year-old man has had increasing dyspnea with nonproductive cough for the past year. On physical examination he is afebrile and has clubbing of digits. Pulmonary function testing reveals a mild restrictive abnormality along with reduced DLCO. A transbronchial biopsy is performed and microscopic examination shows numerous alveolar macrophages, plump epithelial cells, mild interstitial fibrosis, and loss of respiratory bronchioles. Lamellar bodies and iron pigment are present within these macrophages. Which of the following is the most likely etiology for his pulmonary disease?

#10130 miscellaneous

A 20-year-old female presents with a 5-day history of fatigue, lowgrade fever, and sore throat. Physical examination reveals bilateral enlarged, tender cervical lymph nodes, an exudative tonsillitis, and an enlarged spleen. A complete blood cell count reveals the hemoglobin and platelet counts to be within normal limits. The total white blood cell count is increased to 9200 cells per uL. Examination of the peripheral blood reveals the presence of atypical mononuclear cells with abundant cytoplasm. These cells have peripheral condensation of the cytoplasm, which gives them a "ballerina ski" appearance. Which one of the listed findings is most likely to be present in this individual?

#10144 Blood

A 55-year-old man felt a lump near his shoulder 1 week ago. On physical examination, there is an enlarged, nontender, supraclavicular lymph node and enlargement of the Waldeyer ring of oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue. There is no hepato- splenomegaly. CBC is normal except for findings of mild anemia. A lymph node biopsy specimen shows replacement by a monomorphous population of lymphoid cells that are twice the size of normal lymphocytes, with enlarged nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry of the node indicates that most lymphoid cells are CD19+, CD10+, CD3-, CD15-, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase negative (TdT-). A BCL6 gene mutation is present. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

#10147 Infectious Disease

A 7-year-old child has had worsening performance in school for the past 4 months from decreased vision. Examination of the right eye shows diffuse punctate inflammation of the cornea and pannus extending as growth of fibrovascular tissue from conjunctiva onto the cornea. Microscopic examination of a corneal scraping shows lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, and scattered corneal epithelial cells that have cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Which of the following infectious agents is most likely to produce these findings?

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