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Pathology Practice MCQs

Browse 15,526 high-yield clinical questions in Pathology. Includes detailed explanations, options, and topic tags.

#5630 Central Nervous System

A 22-year-old primigravida had a fetal screening ultrasound study at 18 weeks showing a single large cerebral ventricle and fused thalami. On physical examination at birth at 36 weeks' gestation, the infant is small for gestational age and has multiple anomalies, including postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet, cyclopia, microcephaly, cleft lip and palate, and rocker-bottom feet. The infant dies 1 hour after birth. Which of the following CNS abnormalities best explains these findings?

#5638 Disease of Infancy & Childhood

An infant appears normal at birth following an uncomplicated pregnancy and begins to nurse. Within 3 days the infant exhibits vomiting and diarrhea. A week later jaundice is evident, and the infant becomes febrile. On physical examination hepatomegaly is present. Laboratory studies show abnormal reducing substances in the urine, and Escherichia coli is cultured from blood. This infant most likely has a deficiency in which of the following enzymes?

#5647 Central Nervous System

A 75-year-old man has a history of transient attacks of loss of vision. The only abnormalities on physical examination are bruits over the carotids in the neck. Two days later he suddenly becomes hemiplegic and loses consciousness. He is rushed to the emergency room and a CT scan shows evidence of cerebral infarction. He is put on life support but dies 5 days later. At autopsy, there is an area of necrosis and microscopically these lesions are noted to have increased numbers of cells distributed around the central zone of necrosis. Which of the following cell types is most likely to have a phagocytic function in these lesions?

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