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Pathology Practice MCQs

Browse 15,526 high-yield clinical questions in Pathology. Includes detailed explanations, options, and topic tags.

#11454 Central Nervous System

A 36-year-old man who had been healthy all his life now has progressive, symmetric muscular weakness. A year ago, he noted weakness in the area of the head and neck, which caused difficulty with speech, eye movements, and swallowing. In the past year, the weakness in the upper and lower extremities has increased, and he can no longer stand, walk, or feed himself. His mental function remains intact. Which of the following cells is most likely being destroyed in this man?

#11474 Skin

A 77-year-old man has a lesion on the right side of his face that has enlarged slowly over the past 5 years. On examination, the 3-cm lesion has irregular borders, irregular brown to black pigmentation, and a central 2-mm raised blue-black nodule. The lesion is resected and microscopically shows radial growth of large round malignant cells, some isolated and others in nests in the epidermis and superficial papillary dermis. The cells have prominent red nucleoli and dust-like cytoplasmic pigment. Which of the following mutated genes is most likely to be present in the skin lesion of this man?

#11484 Blood

A 37-year-old primigravida at 30 weeks' gestation has noted increasing pedal edema, headaches, confusion, and decreased urine output for the past 2 weeks. She now exhibits seizure activity and then lapses into a coma. On physical examination, her temperature is 36.8degC, pulse is 82/min, respirations are 24/min, and blood pressure is 145/95 mm Hg. Her heart rate is regular, and lung fields are clear. The abdomen is soft, and bowel sounds are present. There is pitting edema to the thighs. No vaginal bleeding is noted, and the cervix is not effaced. Laboratory findings show hemoglobin, 11.9 g/dL; hematocrit, 35.8%; platelet count, 63,500/ mm3; WBC count, 8180/ mm3; glucose, 151 mg/dL; total protein, 6.1 g/dL; albumin, 3.2 g/dL; total bilirubin, 2.3 mg/dL; AST, 88 U/L; ALT, 103 U/L; alkaline phosphatase, 253 U/L; and prothrombin time, 32 seconds (INR 2.8). Urinalysis shows specific gravity of 1.024, pH 6, 4+ proteinuria, 1+ glucosuria, and no blood. An ultrasound examination shows a viable 30-week fetus. What condition is most likely present in this patient?

#11499 G.I.T.

A 23-year-old woman, G2, P1, gave birth at term to a boy of normal weight and length following an uncomplicated pregnancy. The infant initially did well, but at 6 weeks, he began feeding poorly for 1 week, and his mother noticed that much of the milk he ingested was forcefully vomited within 1 hour. Now, on physical examination, the infant is afebrile, and there are no external anomalies. A midabdominal mass is palpable. Bowel sounds are active. The medical history indicates that both the mother and her first child had the same illness during infancy. Which of the following conditions is most likely to explain these findings?

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