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Pathology Practice MCQs

Browse 15,526 high-yield clinical questions in Pathology. Includes detailed explanations, options, and topic tags.

#8307 Respiration

A 44-year-old man, a nonsmoker, has experienced a 3-kg weight loss over the past 3 months. He recently developed a low-grade fever and cough with mucoid sputum production, and after 1 week, he noticed blood-streaked sputum. On physical examination, his temperature is 37.7deg C. There are bilateral crackles in the left upper lobe on auscultation of the chest. Chest CT scan shows a 3-cm left upper lobe nodule with decreased attenuation centrally. Laboratory studies show hemoglobin, 14.5 g/dL; platelet count, 211,400/ mm3; and WBC count, 9890/ mm3 with 40% segmented neutrophils, 2% bands, 40% lymphocytes, and 18% monocytes. Which of the following findings in his sputum sample is most likely to be present?

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#8321 Osteology

A 47-year-old man has had dull, constant pain in the midsection of the right thigh for the past 4 months. On physical examination, there is pain on palpation of the anterior right thigh, which worsens with movement. The right thigh appears to have a larger circumference than the left thigh. A radiograph of the right upper leg and pelvis shows no fracture, but there is an ill-defined soft-tissue mass anterior to the femur. MRI shows a 10x8x7 cm solid mass deep to the quadriceps, but it does not involve the femur. Karyotypic analysis of tumor cells reveals t (12;16) (q13; p11) with amplification of the MDM2 gene. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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#8330 Immunity

A 63-year-old man has had chronic arthritis for the past 15 years. Physical examination shows ulnar deviation with bony ankylosis producing swan neck deformities of the fingers. Laboratory studies show 4.2 g of protein in a 24-hour urine collection, serum creatinine of 3.1 g/ dL, and urea nitrogen of 3 g/dL. Level of C-reactive protein is markedly elevated. A rectal biopsy is performed, which shows deposition of amorphous pink material with H&E staining in the mucosa. The material stains positive with Congo red. Which of the following proteins is the most likely precursor to this material in the mucosa?

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#8346 Blood

A 43-year-old woman of Scandinavian descent complains of constant tiredness, light-headedness, and occasional palpitations and shortness of breath while ascending the stairs. Physical examination shows pallor of the oral mucosa and a raspberry-red tongue (glossitis). Neurologic examination reveals paresthesias, numbness, decreased vibration sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. The results of laboratory studies include hemoglobin of 7.2 g/dL, WBC of 4,500/mL, platelets of 140,000/mL, erythrocyte folate of 220 ng/mL, serum vitamin B12 of 40 pg/mL (normal >200 pg/mL), serum anti-intrinsic factor of 1 :128, and serum anti-parietal cell antibody of 1 :64. Examination of peripheral blood shows macrocytic anemia, with poikilocytosis of RBCs and hyper segmented neutrophils. Atrophic gastritis is diagnosed by gastric biopsy. Bone marrow examination in this patient will reveal which of the following pathologic findings?

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