A giromatic handpiece for endodontic instrumentation operates by a:

Classification of endodontic instruments according to method of use: Group I: Hand-operated endodontic instruments  Example: Broaches, files, reamers.  Group II: Nonrotary endodontic instruments  Engine driven instruments:  – Reciprocating or quarter-turn motion. – Vertical stroke along with quarter-turn motion. Ultrasonic and sonic instruments  Group III: Rotary endodontic instruments used with a handpiece Slow speed rotary stainless steel instruments. NiTi rotary instruments. Key concepts  Commonly used reciprocating handpiece is Giromatic handpiece. It rotates with quarter-turn motion at 3000 rpm. Since this motion (quarter turn to and fro oscillation) resembles motion of steering of a ship, it is called Giromatic.