A 5yr old unimmunized child developed Diphtheria. He has a 3yr old immunised sibling contact, who received last booster 18 months back. What to do with the contact?
High-Yield Explanation
WHO Operational protocol for diptheria contacts - Assess diphtheria toxoid vaccination status of exposed close contacts. Vaccinate according to WHO strategy (which prioritizes children's vaccination). Type:Pentavalent (for 6 wks to 6 yrs) or Td (for 7 yrs and above). Number of doses:- Only one dose if documentary evidence of having completed primary vaccination schedule is available. Three doses:at least 4 weeks interval between each dose Administer antibiotics for prophylaxis. Choose one of the following antibiotics for prevention: IM benzathine penicillin: a single dose For children aged <= 5 years: administer 6 00 000 units For those > 5 years: administer 12 00 000 units Oral erythromycin For children: 40 mg/kg/day, administered in divided dose, 10 mg per dose, every 6 hours For adults: 1 g/day for adults, administered in divided dose, 250 mg per dose every 6 hours Treat for total 7 days Oral Azithromycin Children: 10-12 mg/kg once daily, to a max of 500mg/day. Treat for total 7 days Adults: 500mg once daily. Treat for total 7 days.