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Pathology Practice MCQs

Browse 15,526 high-yield clinical questions in Pathology. Includes detailed explanations, options, and topic tags.

#11225 General

A 30-year-old man consults a physician because he has been having increasing difficulty in swallowing both solids and liquids. Physical examination of the patient is noncontributory. Barium swallow studies show a mostly dilated esophagus with slow passage of barium into the stomach. The very distal pa of the esophagus appears narrowed into a "bird's beak." Esophageal manometry shows incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter in response to swallowing, high resting lower esophageal pressure, and absent esophageal peristalsis. This patient's condition is MOST likely due to which of the following?

#11229 General

A 55-year-old man is brought to his physician's office with a 3-month history of progressive mental deterioration in the form of memory loss, mood changes, and errors in judgment. His gait is unsteady, and he requires assistance to prevent falling. He has no history of seizures, head trauma, or incontinence. Computed tomography (CT) scan and lumbar puncture are unremarkable. Physical examination reveals hypeonicity of all extremities, bilateral equivocal plantar response, ataxic gait, and myoclonic jerks in the lower extremities. What is the mechanism by which this infectious agent causes its pathology?

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