Surveillance every Fortnight is according to which malaria programme -

Ans. is 6c' i.e., Modified plan of operation o National anti-malaria Programme began initially as 'National Malaria Control Programe9 in 1953. Because of the spectacular success achieved in the control of malaria, the control programme, was converted into an eradication programe in 1958 with the object of eradicating malaria once and for all from the country. The programme went on well for sometimes. The incidence of malaria declined from 75 million cases and 8 lakhs death in 1953 to about 1-2 million cases and no death in 1972. But thereafter the programme suffered serious set backs. There was a sharp increase in malaria incidence, in 1976, there were 6.47 million cases with 59 deaths. The Govt of India in 1977 evolved a uModified plan of operation" based on "effective control" rather than eradication.Modified plan of operation (19771o Under The modified plan of operation, the endemic areas were reclassified according to annual parasite incidence (API) with different strategy for control measures.o The report of the consultative committee of experts indicated that in order to stabilize the malaria situation in the country, areas with API 2 and above should be taken up for regular spray operations (every 6 weeks).Areas with API < 2Areas with API > 2Focal spraying is undertaken(Not regular spraying)Regular insecticidal spraying (every 6 weeks)Two Rounds of DDT (if sensitive to DDT)Three Rounds of HCH (if refractory to DDT)Three rounds of Malathion (if refractory to HCH & DDT)Active and passive surveillance to be carried out every fortnightActive and passive surveillance is carried out every fortnightAll detected cases should receive radical treatmentAll detected cases should receive radical treatment. Presumptive treatment (mass treatment) is also considered.Epidemiological investigationEntomological assessmentAll malaria positive cases are to be investigated.# Mass surveys -# Follow up blood smears to be collected from all positive cases on completion of radical treatment and thereafter at monthly intervals for 12 months.This is done by entomological teams.# They carry out susceptibility tests and suggest appropriate insecticides to be used in particular areas.