A 2 years old child comes with one-year h/o of generalised oedema. His B.P. is 107/70mm urine examination shows hyaline cast, proteinuria +++, WBC & RBC are nil. the likely diagnosis is –

It is a case of nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease (MCD). MCD is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children* Microscopic findings of urine in MCD Proteinuria Principally albumin (which is a low molecular weight protein) High molecular weight proteins are seen in minimal amounts. This type of proteinuria is known as selective proteinuria. WBC → Absent RBC → Absent the hyaline cast → can be seen Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis can also cause nephrotic syndrome but the urine examination in these patients will reveal protein, WBC's and RBC's.