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Physiology NEET Jan 2020 fcff6482

In a preterm baby with Respiratory distress syndrome, which type of cell is deficiency?

A
Type 1 alveolar cell
B
Type 2 alveolar cell
C
Alveolar capillary endothelial cells
D
Bronchial mucosal epithelial cell
High-Yield Explanation
Cells in Alveolar Epithelial Lining- Type I pneumocytes-Gas exchange occurs across them. .Cover93%surface area of alveoli. Type II pneumocytes -synthesizesurfactant. Direct / indirect injury to type 2 cells lead to ARDS.Cover 5%surface area of Alveoli. When there is alveolar injury, type I cells degenerate and are replaced by type II cells. Type II cells are thus responsible for regeneration of epithelium. Type I and type II pneumocytes exist in a ratio of 1:1. Type III pneumocytesact as chemoreceptors.Cover 2% surface area of Alveoli.

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