All of the following are true of placenta previa except:a) Postpartum hemorrhage infrequentb) First trimester bleeding is not uncommonc) Premature labour is commond) Higher incidence in women with lower segment cesarean sectione) Malposition and malpresentation are common

Placenta previa is a cause of APH which means bleeding from or into the genital tract after the 28th week of pregnancy i.e. it is not a cause of first trimester bleeding. (i.e. option b is incorrect). As discussed earlier, previous cesarean section increase the chances of placenta previa in next pregnancy (i.e. option d is correct). As far as other options are concerned - they are all complications of placenta previa. Complications of placenta previa A. Maternal Antepartum, Intrapartum and Postpartum= Hemorrhage Malpresentation Cord prolapse Retained placenta Preterm labour Premature rupture of membranes Slow dilatation of cervix B. Fetal Asphyxia Birth injuries Low birth weight Congenital malformation Intrauterine death