Which of the following is associated with emotional valence and is most likely to be influenced by motivation?

Emotional valence is a dimension of emotional experience. Practice or Habit is an accustomed and established way of doing things without thinking and possesses a strong association with emotional valence. After habits are formed they tend to persist and influence human behaviour. The term habit is applicable for individual actions while practice refers to a series of fixed habits. Motivation determines both individual action and individual behaviour. It can be both negative as well as positive. Both motives and incentives have a social role in the community. Motivation of a person influences the habits of that person. Thus motives of eligible couples for a small family norm is considered an impoant activity in the National Family Welfare Programme. Ref: Social and Emotional Aspects of Learning By Sanna Jarvela, Pages 70 - 74; Memory and Emotion : Interdisciplanary Perspectives By Bob Uttl, Nobuo Ohta, Amy Siegenthaler, Pages 37-48; Park Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 19th Edition, Pages 539-543; The Act of Remembering : Toward an Understanding of How We Recall the Past By John H. Mace.