A 28 week pregnant multigravida found to have abnormal glucose tolerance test. Her previous child was weighing 4 kg after bih. Which of the following is TRUE about diabetic mother?

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of stillbih, preeclampsia, and delivering infants who are large for their gestational age with resulting bih lacerations, shoulder dystocia, and bih trauma including brachial plexus injury. Their fetuses are at risk of hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and polycythemia. High incidence of congenital hea anomalies is common including VSD, ASD, coarctation of aoa, transposition of great vessels, and cardiomegaly. Women with a history of gestational diabetes are also at risk for cardiovascular complications associated with dyslipidemia, hypeension, and abdominal obesity--the metabolic syndrome. Ref: Leveno K.J., Hauth J.C., Rouse D.J., Spong C.Y. (2010). Chapter 52. Diabetes. In K.J. Leveno, J.C. Hauth, D.J. Rouse, C.Y. Spong (Eds), Williams Obstetrics, 23e.