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When a horseshoe kidney develops, the ascent of the kidney is restricted by the:

A
Internal iliac artery
B
External iliac artery
C
Common iliac artery
D
Inferior mesenteric artery
High-Yield Explanation
A horseshoe kidney develops when the inferior poles of the two kidneys fuse together as they ascend into the abdomen from the pelvis. The first anterior mid­line vessel that is encountered by the horseshoe kidney is the inferior mesenteric artery. This artery prevents the kidney from continuing its ascent.

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