Chest x-ray of a child presenting with acute breathlessness Diognosis-

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pneumothoraxo The above film shows a right sided tension pneumothorax with right sided lucencv and leftward mediastinal shift. This is a medical emergency. And require immediate iniercostals drainage.o Pneumothorax is defined as air inside the thoracic cavity but outside the lung,o Spontaneous pneumothorax (PTX) is one that occurs without an obvious inciting incident,o Tension PTX is a type of PTX in which air enters the pleural cavityand is trapped during expiraiion usually by some type of ball valve-like mechanism. This leads to a buildup of air increasing intrathoracic pressure. Eventually the pressure buildup is large enough to collapse the lung and shift the mediastinum away from the tension PTX. If it continues, it can compromise venous filling of the heart and even death.o Hydropneumothorax is both air and fluid in the pleural space. It is characterized by an air-fluid level on an upright or decubitus film in a patient with a pneumothorax.