Paraneoplastic syndroime associated with RCC are all of the following except:
High-Yield Explanation
Answer is None or D (None or Cushing;s syndrome): Amongst the options provided, Cushing's syndrome is the least common paraneoplastic syndrome associated with Renal cell carcinoma, and hence the single best answer of exclusion. Note that while Harison's textbook does not include Cushing's syndrome in the list of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with Renal cell carcinoma, this condition is clearly mentioned as an associated paraneoplastic syndrome in other standard textbooks like Robbin's and Smith's Urology. Paraneoplastic Syndromes is Renal Cell Carcinoma Characteristic Paraneoplastic Syndromes (common) Erythrocytes/Polycythemia (due to Ted erythropoietin) Hypercalcemia (due to Ted parathyroid related peptide) Hypeension (due to Ted rennin production ) Non metastatic Hepatic Dysfunction (Stauffer syndrome) (due to Ted granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor) Other Paraneoplastic Syndromes (Less common / Not characteristic) Cushing's syndrome (due to T ACTH production) Galactorrhea (due to Ted prolactin production) Hypoglycemia (due to Ted Insulin) Gynaecomastia & decreased libido (due to T gonadotropins) Hirsuitism, amenorrhea and male pattern balding (due to T gonadotropins) Amyloidosis Leukemoid Reaction and Eosinophilia Dysfibrinogenemia