Diagnosis based on given radiograph:

VERTICAL ROOT FRACTURE Etiology  Root anatomy, amount of remaining sound tooth structure, loss of moisture in dentin, amount of bony support, pre-existing cracks and biochemical properties of root dentin are predisposing etiological factors.  Traumatic occlusion.  Excessive load on an endodontically treated tooth.  Bruxism. Clinical Features  Dull spontaneous pain, mastication pain, tooth mobility, periodontal-type abscesses and bony radiolucencies. Deep osseous defects: The typical bone loss pattern in teeth with vertical root fracture is the loss of alveolar bone, specifically in relation to the fracture area. Sinus tract located near the cervical area. Radiographic Features  Separation of root segments associated with a radiolucency surrounding the bone between the roots. Hairline fracture – like radiolucency. Halo appearance – a combined periapical and periradicular radiolucency on one or both sides of the involved root. Clinical Notes Vertical root fracture (VRF) are seen most commonly in endodontically treated teeth. The condition presents with a challenging diagnosis; however, exploratory surgery aids in a defective diagnosis. Additional imaging techniques such as CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) to detect and visualize VRFs have been introduced.