Muscle involved in congenital toicollis:

Most cases of congenital toicollis are a result of excessive stretching of the sternocleidomastoid muscle during a difficult labor.Hemorrhage occurs into the muscle and may be detected as a small, rounded during the early weeks after bih. Later, this becomes invaded by fibrous tissue, which contracts and shoens the muscle.The mastoid process is thus pulled down toward the sternoclavicular joint of the same side, the cervical spine is flexed, and the face looks upward to the opposite side.If left untreated, asymmetrical growth changes occur in the face, and the cervical veebrae may become wedge shaped. Spasmodic ToicollisSpasmodic toicollis, which results from repeated chronic contractions of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, is usually psychogenic in origin. Section of the spinal pa of the accessory nerve may be necessary in severe cases.