Features of essential hypeension-

Ans. is `a' i.e., Concentric hyperophy of LV; 'b' i.e., T hea size; 'c' i.e., ls Size of hea muscleAdaptations in hea The cardiac myocyte is terminally differentiated cell that is not able to divide.Myocardium cannot undergo hyperplasia, i.e. increase in the number of myocyte.So, myocardium can adapt by increasing the size (i.e. hyperophy) of the myocyte in response to stress. o There are two types of stresses to hea1. Pressure overloado Occur in hypeension or aoic stenosis.Pressure overloaded ventricles develop concentric hyperophy of the left ventricle, with increased in wall thickness --> Hea size may increase.o The increase in wall thickness may reduce the cavity diameter --> ratio of cavity size to wall thickness decreases.There is increase in the transverse diameter (width) of myocytes, but cell length remains the same.2. Volume overloado As occurs in aoic regurgitationo There is dilatation of ventricular chamber along with increased thickness of ventricular wall --> Eccentric hyperophy.There is increase both in the transverse diameter (width) and the length of myocytes.o It is due to deposition of the sarcomeres (functional intracellular contractile unit of cardiac muscles) in parallel to the long axis of cells.