For differentiating Inguinal hernia and a femoral hernia the landmark will be -

The landmark for differentiating b/w femoral hernia and the inguinal hernia is the pubic tubercle. An inguinal hernia (Indirect): The neck of the sac lies above and medial to the pubic tubercle. A femoral hernia: The neck of the sac lies below and lateral to the pubic tubercle. Inferior epigastric vessels are a landmark for differentiating b/w direct & indirect inguinal hernias. the neck of a direct hernia lies medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, whereas the neck of an indirect hernia lies lateral to it. Note MC type of a hernia in males → Indirect inguinal hernia More common on Rt side MC type in females → Indirect inguinal hernia (not a femoral hernia)