All of the following shows antigen virulence factor EXCEPT
High-Yield Explanation
i.e. (C-diphtheriae):ANTIGENIC VARIATION* It is the process by which an infectious organism alters its surface proteins in order to evade a host immune response* Antigenic variation enables viruses to cross the species barrier eg H5N1 virus 'Jumping' from birds to then infect humans* Antigenic variation can occur through three broadly defined genetic processes: gene mutation, recombination and switching(I) Bacteria - best demonstrated by - species of the genus Neisseria N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeal, the gonococcus) Borrelia recurrentis that causes relapsing fever, species of the genus streptococcus and the Myeoplasma(II) Virus - best demonstrated : by HIV, Influenza virus and Hepatitis C virus, rhinovirus and entero viruses(III) Protozoa is best demonstrated by species of Plasmodium Trypanosomes (T. cruzi causes chagas disease and T. brucei gambience and T. brucei rhodesiense causes African Sleeping Sickness)