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Pediatrics General 682c0763

Prophylaxis with Cotrimoxazole is recommended in the following situation except –

A
All symptomatic HIV infected children > 5 years of age irrespective of CD4
B
All HIV exposed infants till HIV infection can be ruled out
C
All HIV infected infants less than 1 year age irrespective of symptoms or CD4 counts
D
As secondary prophylaxis after initial treatment for pneumocystis carini pnetunonia
High-Yield Explanation
A) Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV exposed infant is recommended for :- All HIV exposed infants (started at 4-6 weeks of age and continued until HIV infection can be excluded). HIV exposed breast feeding children of any age (Prophylaxis should be continued until HIV infection can be excluded at least six weeks after complete cessation of breast feeding). B) Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV infected children is recommended for 1) All children younger than 1 year of age, regardless of symptoms or CD4 percentage. 2) For symptomatic children (clinical stages 2, 3 or 4) or children with CD4 < 25% --> In children older than one year of age. All HIV infected children who begin cotrimoxazole prophylaxis should continue until the age of five years (irrespective of the age of initiation). At 5 year, children can be reassessed.

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