Chronic gastiritis is caused by all except

Etiology of Chronic gastritis includes: 1. Reflux of duodenal contents into the stomach, especially in cases which have undergone surgical intervention in the region of the pylorus. 2. Infection with H. pylori is strongly implicated in the etiology of chronic gastritis and is more common. 3.An associated disease of the stomach and duodenum, such as gastric or duodenal ulcer, gastric carcinoma. 4.Chronic hypochromic anemia, especially associated with atrophic gastritis. 5.Immunological factors such as autoantibodies to gastric parietal cells in atrophic gastritis and autoantibodies against intrinsic factor. option d: intake of drugs like salicylates (aspirin), NSAIDs, coisone, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, preparations of iron, etc cause acute gastritis not chronic. TEXTBOOK OF PATHOLOGY HARSH MOHAN 6TH EDITION PAGE NO:547