Marker of acute kidney injury is all except

Osteopontin (OPN) is a matricellular protein that mediates diverse biological functions. OPN also functions as a Th1 cytokine, promotes cell-mediated immune responses, and plays a role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases Urinary AKI markers may be classified as enzymes released from damaged tubular cells (alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine aminopeptidase, isoenzymes of glutathione transferase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase), low-molecular-weight proteins (alpha(1)-microglobulin, beta(2)-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein, cystatin C) and proteins specifically produced in the kidney and associated with the development of AKI . Based on the different expression of these markers, using a panel of serum and urine markers may potentially help to distinguish between various types of insults, establish the duration and severity of injury, predict the clinical outcome and help to monitor response to treatment in AKI. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 277