Complication of TPN is

Complications : Related to nutrient deficiency- Hypoglycaemia/hypocalcaemia/hypophosphataemia/hypomagnesaemia(refeeding syndrome) Related to overfeeding: Excess glucose-hyperglycaemia, hyperosmolar dehydration. Hepatic steatosis, hypercapnia, increased sympathetic activity, fluid retention, electrolyte abnormalities. Excess fat-hypercholesterolaemia and formation of lipoprotein X, hyperiglyceridaemia, hypersensitivity reactions. Excess aminoacids: hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis, hypercalcaemia, aminoacidaemia, uraemia. Related to sepsis: Catheter related sepsis Possible increased predisposition to systemic sepsis Related to line : On inseion : pneumothorax, damage to adjacent aery, air embolism, thoracic duct damage, cardiac perforation or tamponade, pleural effusion, hydromediastinum. Long term use: occlusion, venous thrombosis. Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pg no : 288