A patient presented with colon type diarrhea with blood. On sigmoidoscopy, cauliflower mass found and excised. On genetic analysis of mass, which does not have prognostic calue?
High-Yield Explanation
in gastric carcinoma ,.E cadherin gene mutation in diffuse cancers * Mutation in APC gene for b-catenin in intestinal , cancers - 50% - * Inactivation tumour supsamines, lead pressor gene p53 in 30% * Loss of heterozygosity in the BCL2 gene, an inhibitor of apoptosis (intestinal - distal type) cancers * HNPCC - Carries 5-10% * H. pylori infection, chronic risk of gastric cancer gastritis* Li Fraumen syndrome * Pernicious anaemia * Blood group A * Intestinal metaplasia * First degree relative carries * FAP - 10 folds more risk of gastric cancer * Mutation of H-ras oncogene and over expression of c-erb B2 gene ref:SRB&;s manual of surgery ,ed 3,pg no779