Which of the following is M.C. cause of hypotension in fracture ribs (T10-T12) -

• MC cause of hypotension in trauma patients: Hemorrhage • MC cause of shock after trauma is hypovolemia, and there are five places that a patient can lose large volume of blood: Externally, the chest, the abdomen, the retroperitoneum, and into muscle compartments (Blood on the floor and four more). • Fracture of lower ribs (T9-T12) are usually associated with splenic or hepatic injuries • Fracture of upper ribs (T1-T3), clavicle or scapula is usually associated with major vascular injuries