Which of the following is risk factor for abdominal aoic aneurysm rupture ?

Surgery is indicated when size of AAA >5.5 cm After rupture, Moality rate of emergent operation is 45-50% Most serious gastrointestinal complication is ischaemia of the left colon and rectum. Post operative hypotension and hemodynamic instability are contributory factors Occasionally, microembolization cam occur, resulting in small patchy areas of ischaemia, usually on the plantar aspect of the foot, referred to as trash foot Ref: Harrison's 19th edition Pgno : 1640