The periphery of the retina is visualized with –

Periphery of retina is visualized by indirect ophthalmoscopy and central part is visualized by direct ophthalmoscopy. Other three options require some explanation here :- Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination of the fundus The slit lamp is a low - power microscope (biomicroscope) combined with a high-intensity light source (slit-lamp) that can be focused in a thin beam. Biomicroscopic examination of the fundus can be performed after full mydriasis using a slit-lamp and any of the following lenses :- Indirect slit-lamp biomicroscopy Hruby lens biomicroscopy Contact lens biomicroscopy can be performed by following lenses :- i) Posteriorfundus contact lens (modified koeppe's lens), ii) Golmann's three mirror contact lens. It is worth noting that slit-lamp biomicroscopy is usually used to examine the anterior segment of eye (cornea, anterior chamber, lens, conjunctiva, sclera, eyelids where these structures are visualized without the need of these different type of lenses, required to examine the fundus. So, slit lamp biomicroscopy :- i) Usually used to examine the anterior segment of the eye. ii) Can also be used to examine the Hindus when combined with above-described lenses. So, Techniques of fundus examination A) Ophthalmoscopy Direct Indirect Distant direct B) Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination of the fundus by:- i) Indirect slit lamp biomicroscopy ii) Hruby lens biomicroscopy iii) Contact lens biomicroscopy