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Pathology General 20544048

Which of the following is the most likely inheritance pattern in the pedigree given below-

A
Autosomal dominant
B
Mitochondrial
C
Autosomal recessive
D
X-linked dominant
High-Yield Explanation
It is an X-linked dominant pattern of inheritance. The features which suggest the X-linked dominant pattern of inheritance are- A single abnormal X chromosome is sufficient to express the disease. All of the female offspring’s of a diseased male XY will receive the abnormal X chromosome and express the disease, whereas none of the male offspring to the diseased father will have the disease (as sons don't receive X chromosome from their father). A diseased mother can transmit the abnormal X chromosome to both daughter and sons equally. Important facts If a female is transmitting the disease to all offspring’s (both males and females) and a male is not transmitting the disease to any child, it is mitochondrial inheritance. If a male is transmitting the disease only to daughters (all daughters) and not to the sons whereas female transmit the disease to half daughters and half of the sons, it is X-linked dominant. If only males are affected in a pedigree, it is likely to be an X-linked recessive disease (females act as carriers; only transmit the disease and themselves remain unaffected). If there is no sex-predilection and affected individuals transmit the disease to half of the offspring’s, it is an autosomal dominant disorder. If there is no sex-predilection and affected individuals transmit the disease to one-fourth of the offspring’s, it is likely to be an autosomal recessive disorder.

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