Mulberry nasal mucosa is seen in ?

Ans. is 'b' i.e., Vasomotor rhinitis Vasomotor is a nonallergic condition that involves a constant runny nose, sneezing and nasal congestion, i.e., the nose is stuffy or runny for reasons other than allergies and infections. The exact etiology is unknown, but triggers include emotions, odors, poor air quality, spicy foods, and medication side effects. Pathogenesis include : - Parasympathetic overactivity Hyperactive nasal mucosa to several non-specific stimuli especially in women of 20-40 years. Symptoms of vasomotor rhinitis include excessive clear rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction/congestion, irritation, paroxysmal sneezing and post-nasal drip. Nasal mucosa is hyperophied & congested; and mucosa of turbinates may give mulberry like appearance and is pale to dusky red in colour. Complications of vasomotor rhinitis include hyperophic rhinitis & sinusitis, and nasal polyp. Mulberry nasal mucosa is also seen in chronic hyperophic rhinitis