Placenta pre mouth is associated with all of the following except :

Ans. is c i.e Primigravida Placenta pre is implantation of the placenta paially or completely over the lower uterine segment. Damage to the endometrium or myometrium due to previous surgery or infection can predispose to low implantation and placenta pre. Risk factors for placenta pre : Prior surgerydeg (cesarean section / Myomectomy Hysterotomy) Previous uterine curettagedeg Endometritisdeg Increasing maternal age (>35 years)deg Increasing paritydeg Placental sire -increased (as in multiple pregnancy) Placental abnormality -Succenturiate lobe Smoking (due to defective decidual vascularisation) Note : The probability of placenta accreta and need for cesarean hysterectomy is increased in patients with prior cesarean section and placenta pre. Smoking increases the risk of placenta pre by two fold times. Previous cesarean section increases the risk of placenta pre by 4 fold time. According to the latest edition of Williams--Women with otherwise unexplained elevated screening level of maternal serum alpha feto protein are at a greater risk of placenta pre.