Indications of percutaneous nephrostomya) Stone removalb) Ureteral obstructionc) Renal tumor resectiond) Ischemic renal failuree) Antegrade renography

• For HDN, DJ stenting and percutaneous nephrostomy, both are having same results but DJ stenting is less invasive. • For pyonephrosis, percutaneous nephrostomy is better than DJ stenting. • Percutaneous nephrostomy is occasionally essential, if not life saving, in the treatment of acute or chronic upper urinary tract obstruction. • It is the first step in obtaining antegrade access to the kidney for various procedures.