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Pediatrics General 136a3465

All of the following statements are true regarding Vitamin A deficiency except –

A
Growth retardation is common
B
Frequent infections can occur
C
Hydrocephalus is infrequent
D
Anterior segment of the eye is initially involved
High-Yield Explanation
Clinical manifestations of Vit A Deficiency The most obvious symptoms of vitamin A deficiency are associated with requirement of this vitamin for maintenance of epithelial functions - Intestine                                -->           Pathogenic attack causes diarrhea Respiratory tract -->       Infections & bronchial obstruction Urinary tract                         -->          UTI and caliculi Skin                                        -->           Dry, scaly, hyperkeratotic patches Squamous metaplasia of renal pelves, ureter, vaginal epithelium, and pancreatic & salivary ducts. Poor growth because of Above health problems in children Vitamin A helps in bone growth ---> deficiency may retard growth The most characteristic and specific sign of vitamin A deficiency are eye lesions. Which include night blindness, conjuctival xerosis, Bitot's spots, corneal xerosis and keratomalacia. The term xerophthalmia (dry eye) comprises all the ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency. Other features are - i)    Skin becomes toad like (phrynoderma). But it is due to associated deficiency of essential fatty acids. ii) Vitamin A deficiency may rarely lead to hydrocephalus.

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