Column concept of spine stability was given by?

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Denis The three column concept of spinal stability Denis (1983) proposed the 3-column concept of spinal stability. He divided the above-enumerated bony and soft-tissue structures into three columns - anterior, middle and posterior as follows :- Anterior column consisting of the anterior longitudinal ligament, the anterior poion of the annulus fibrosus and the anterior half of the veebral body. Middle column consisting of the posterior poion of the veebral body, the posterior poion of the annulus and the posterior longitudinal ligament. Posterior column consisting of the pedicles, facets, laminae and the posterior ligament complex (ligamentum flavum, interspinous ligament, supraspinous ligament and the facet joint capsule).