Kaagener's syndrome includes -

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Situs inversus; 'b' Bronchiectasis, Sinusitis' `c' Male infeility o Kaagener's syndrome is a subgroup of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Primary ciliary dyskinesia ? o It is an antosomal recessive syndrome. o It is characterized by poorly functioning cilia. There is absence or shoening of Dynein arms that are responsible for the coordinated bending of cilia. o Approximately half of the patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia have kaagener's syndrome. Kaagener's syndrome Poor functioning of cilia contribute to retention of secretions and recurrent infections Sinusitis --> Lack of ciliary activity interferes with bacterial clearance, predisposing sinuses to infection Situs inversus ---> Due to ineffective cell motility during embryogenesis Infeility Due to ineffective mobility of sperm