Bipolar disorder is child is detected by

(D) All of the above # Genetic Hypothesis: The life-time risk for the first degree relatives of bipolar mood disorder patients is 25%, and of recurrent depressive disorder patients is 20%.> The life-time risk for the children of one parent with mood disorder is 27% and of both parents with mood disorder is 74%.> The concordance rate in bipolar disorders for monozygotic twins is 65% and for dizygotic twins is 20% and the concordance rate in unipolar depression for monozygotic twins is 46% and for dizygotic twins is 20%.# Sleep studies> Sleep abnormalities are common in mood disorders (e.g. decreased need for sleep in mania; insomnia & frequent awakenings in depression).> In depression, commonly observed abnormalities are decreased REM latency (i.e. the time between falling asleep and the first REM period is decreased), increased duration of the first REM period, and delayed sleep onset.# Brain Imaging> In mood disorders, brain imaging studies (CT scan/MRI scan of brain, PET scan, and SPECT) have yielded inconsistent, yet suggestive findings (e.g. ventricular dilatation, changes in blood flow and metabolism in several parts of brain, like prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and caudate).