Most common cause of death in PDA is?

Cardiac failure REF: Nelson Textbook of Paediatrics 17th edition page 1611, Manual of Cardiovascular Medicine -Brian P. Griffin Page 458 "With a PDA, congestive hea failure (CHF) can occur because of chronic left hea volume overload. In patients with death related to PDA, CHF is the most common cause" Infective endaeritis (IE) is a fatal complication and the most common cause of death (45%) in patients with patent ductus aeriosus (PDA) before the introduction of antibiotic therapy and surgical closure of the ductus. Wide use of antibiotics and surgical closure of PDA has reduced significantly the incidence of IE in patients with PDA, as well as the moality rate associated with it. Complications of PDA: Cardiac failure Infective endaeritis Pulmonary or systemic emboli Aneurysmal dilatation of the pulmonary aery or the ductus Calcification of the ductus Noninfective thrombosis of the ductus with embolization Paradoxical emboli. Pulmonary hypeension (Eisenmenger syndrome)